A Critical Literate Review Concerning Consumer Perception of Privacy Literature

A Critical Literate Concerning Consumer Perception of Privacy and Security Risks for Online Shopping - Literature review Example The information provided by the New Media Age (2006) indicates that the total number of internet users worldwide had long surpassed the 1 billion mark by the year 2005; a number that was only 45 million a decade earlier. Accordingly, dozens of internet-based ventures have surfaced in record numbers, forcing the hitherto conventionally operated enterprises to turn digital in order to remain relevant (Yang, 2005). By definition, electronic commerce [often called e-commerce or e-shopping] refers to buying and paying for commodities (goods and services) from the comfort of a computer connection to the worldwide web. A number of recent studies points to a largely stagnating market share of transactions over the internet with scholars questioning whether the predicted enduring ubiquity will ever become a reality (Grewal et al. 2004). The brave five-year forecasts of consulting agencies in the mid 90’s came to pass with comparatively negligible enthusiasm over the internet than earli er envisaged. Similarly, many visions of total transformation of the world to a digital village, from Being Digital to The Third Wave, all became somewhat more remote than originally planned. Nonetheless, there still exists the momentum of integrating new information and communication technology as a modern way of life across the globe, either in private life or into the business practices. Laroche, Zhilin, McDougall, and Jasmin, (2005) mentions in their piece that consumers’ adoption of online shopping would be shaped by an inevitable future demand; a transformative process that has kicked-off, but yet to pick up substantially. In as much as e-shopping offers people the convenience of real-time completion of transaction from mobile locations, internet security is no longer guaranteed (Zhou, Dai and Zhang, 2007). Scholars in the computing sphere are fully aware of the ever-emerging challenges that they need to address by offering dynamic solutions. Central to the current conc erns is the ever growing creativity among the technology savvy criminals skillfully breaking the privacy codes to access clients’ information deemed confidential. Issues of privacy and security risks emanating from unsolicited e-mails to security threats of point- transactions continue to generate contentious debates in the realms of academia as well as policy conferences (Meinert et al. 2006). As the literature on online shopping experience expands, there is need to identify with the underpinnings of the shopping phenomenon and why then new experience seems sluggish in picking up in an era of pervasive technology. This paper endeavors to analyze decisively the current literature on online shopping with regard to consumer perception of privacy and security risks associated with the new trend. 2.0 Insights from the Current literature A large body of researchers has emerged communicating the criteria that consumers adopt when choosing to either to shop online or not. Lee and Ta n (2003) hypothesized that consumers do choose to shop online or physically in a store depending on their perception of utility afforded from the purchases while minimizing their exposure to risks. Alba, et al. (1997) argues that consumers’ attraction to the alternative retail arrangements is largely determined by the number of existing alternatives, their [consumers’] capacity to scrutinize the alternatives, the availability and authenticity of information availed for a convincing comparison, credentials of the organizations involved and the external [the extra]

Nursing Theory Website Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Nursing Theory Website - Research Paper Example The fact that they provide links to other websites is also additional help in finding the most relevant information about the theory. The currency of the information from these websites dates 2012 and some 2011 but none of the information provided is more recent than 2012 which is still considered fairly current. The information provided in these websites about the theory is deducted from books, articles and journals and these references used are listed at the end of the theory discussion. Since these books, journals and articles are per reviewed and considered credible, then the information posted in these websites concerning the nursing theory and even other theories is also considered to be valid and reliable to be used in theoretical and practical work. Orem’s Self-Care theory is applicable in hospitals not education purposes. This is so because it aims to identify the needs of the patient through using different methods to assess the condition of the patient. After the identification, the same theory and its methods are used to attend and solve the problems the patient presents with according to their need after extensive evaluation of which outcome and treatment will be effective. The major advantage of this theory is the fact that the nurse and the patient get to interact while the nurse tries to evaluate the patient to find out the problem as well as during evaluation of the best treatment methods and the care being provided so far to the patient. It is helpful to first time nurses fresh from nursing school and who are yet to get correct the assessment and treatment. It provides guidelines as well as courage on how to interact with the patient medically. The theory is attractive because it has not been overused compared to other theories such as the Florence Nightingale’s theory. The lack of monotony and overuse of a theory leads to its appreciation as

The Enduring Appeal of the Horror Genre

The Enduring Appeal of the Horror Genre What is your topic? Question? Sub-questions? (Not too many!) Hypothesis? What specific issues associated with your topic do you want to investigate (making sure they are capable of being investigated within the constraints of the MA calendar)? What sorts of data will you need to adequately address each of these issues? Why will this data help you in particular? From what sources (places, human subjects, texts, cultural phenomena?) will you obtain this data? How will you obtain the data? (Documentary search? Interviewing? Questionnaire? Observation? Media production? Reflection on practice?) How do you intend (in general terms) to record, manage and analyze this data? What analytical models and theories will you draw on? What will your timetable be month by month? Introduction: answers the ‘so what? question, convince reader you need to do this Literature Review: Contextualises your research. Answers the question:  Where do I fit? Research questions determined. Methodology: Determines the nature of your study design and the  methods you will use. Include how you approach the subject, methods, why, ethics, how you analysed data. Results, discussion, analysis: combined or separate, can be guided by questions Conclusion: Draws everything together and answers your research  questions. Discusses limitation and future work. HORRORS ENDLESS CYCLE: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ENDURING APPEAL OF THE HORROR GENRE IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM. INTRODUCTION: The horror genre has deep roots in the classical studio era. Yet in important ways it also looks ahead to the post-classical period, a period of reduced levels of film production and correspondingly weakened genre identities. As a fantasy genre, horror departs in significant ways from the prevailing canons of representation in the classical Hollywood style, whether one takes that mode to be a form of realism or of melodrama. Horror has an identity as an unrespectable genre for an undiscriminating juvenile audience (or an audience that has its mind on other things), with strong roots in exploitation cinema, that has only fairly recently emerged as an attractive genre for large scale production at major studios. Finally, it has attracted significant critical attention in recent years, and in each case theories of postmodernism and – which is not always the same thing – currents in postmodern theory have played an important part in reconceiving the genre for audiences and film-makers alike. This critical interest is, I argue, related to the relative weakness in both cases of traditional semantic/syntactic matrices of generic identity, leading to a protean aspect that is well suited to exploiting marketplace currents and trends. That horror takes its core generic material from the body, both engines of contemporary critical enquiry and popular cultural debate has confirmed its relevance. (Barry Langford, Film Genre: Hollywood and Beyond, 2005) Why choose to live in fear? Today we get up, go to work, come home, watch TV and go to sleep. To combat the monotony we chase the death rush by other means, as perilous as base or bungee jumping, or as sanitised as roller coasters and theme parks, while for most the simple thrills of the horror movie are more than enough to satisfy and provide a little taste of fear. Thats just one theory. Another is that we watch horror movies because they offer us a challenge – to look fear and death in the face and survive the ordeal. The ascendance and growing popularity of horror cinema since the new millennium is certainly a fascinating trend in contemporary society, and one which is long overdue an in-depth and objective analysis. Through researching the appeal of the horror genre I shall look into the social and political climate into which these movies fell over the last ten years, and discuss the merits of the movies themselves or, in some cases, lack of them. (Marshall in Carolyn, 2008). The horror film, throughout its shady, rebellious history has earned more money than respect. Though these days there are film festivals, websites, books, magazines, Masters theses, and even film distributors devoted entirely to the consumption of the dark side of entertainment, the mainstream media and self-appointed intelligentsia of pontificators cluck their tongues and blame the fall of society on these nasty little gutter-dwellers we call our own. In truth, the horror film may be the best mirror of the worlds zeitgeist we have, reflecting, rather than creating, the ills and crises of the planets collective psychology. Its been said before and it bears repeating that horror is to cinema what rock and roll is to music: rude, abrasive, pushy and anti-establishment. No wonder, then, that it is so embraced by the young. What better way to break away from parental chains than to blast distorted guitars on the stereo, and revel in disemboweled damsels in distress on the widescreen plasma? The young are immortal, right? And who can blame them for gathering tribally in front of the Cineplex screens to cheer on the latest adventures of the newest teen-gutting horror franchise star? They know its not real, that they are thumbing their noses at mortality. Yes, deep-seated fears are faced on the screen, from a safe distance, allowing the audience to safely play tag with what scares them. A good horror movie has all the elements of a good drama: creative storytelling: compelling characters placed in relatable plots, an artists point of view. But a really good horror movie, the best horror movie, can take you far beyond: it can take you to a place youve never been, a shadowy chamber of the mind outside of your worldly experience, with story twists and turns that will make you squirm until the lights come on and you emerge victoriously from your two hours in the dark. A great horror movie can be a revelatory experience. A great way to take societys pulse is through the arts and entertainment of the time. And the horror film makes a great thermometer. As I intend to examine in this study, a national or global health is particularly well represented by its fright films. At times of political upheaval, war, depression and recession, the horror cycle runs to a particular high. Adam Simons remarkable documentary, The American Nightmare, about the horror boom of the 1970s arising out of the international upheaval that surrounded the war in Vietnam. Is a terrific examination of how one relates to the other. But as we close in on the end of the new millenniums first decade, we find ourselves in another long-lasting terror boom in a post 9/11 world. Obviously, most of these films are not artistic reflections of social strife, or the primal screams of the mad artist who paints in blood. As they have, with everything else that makes money, the corporate kings have co-opted the popular cycle on their own terms. Where brilliant artists contribute excellent and exciting new ventures, the screens are also littered with the latest iterations of franchises nobody asks for, but are easy to market. In recent years, its been far easier for an industry that isnt interested in or has any understanding of the horror genre to take familiar titles, and remake and sequelise them until the law of diminishing returns proves itself, and they move on to the next title. There are great horror films being made today amidst the dross. But its not quality thats being discussed here, though it obviously plays a part. Its that there is a new and ravening audience for the spilling of blood. Again, theres nothing new about this: filmgoers filled the cinemas during the Depression to see the Frankenstein monster toss an innocent little girl into the pond, to see Count Dracula sup on the blood of lovely blondes; during World War II, Frankensteins monster met everyone from the Wolf Man to Abbott and Costello, and Universal cranked out one monster fest after another, while a quiet, well-real producer named Val Lewton churned out intelligent, atmospheric shockers for RKO; in the 1950s, when the Cold War and Air Raid duck-and-cover drills were the order of the day, nuclear tests gave birth to the giant ants of Them, the humungous grasshoppers of The Beginning of the End, and the radioactivity-breathing Japanese dragon beast of Godzilla; the early sixties turned i nternal, with human monsters like Norman Bates infesting our souls and killing on behalf of the sexual battle within the newly blossoming psychological terror train; the Vietnamese apocalypses were brutal, fed as they were by nightly news imagery of burning bodies and human torture, in a toe-in-the-water test of loosening censorship that led to a free-for-all; the eighties were all about cheap: no stars, gore effects and creative kills being the entire raison dà ªtre for a horror films existence; the complacent, Wall Street frivolous 1990s were mostly in a horror lull, but ended with a bang of excellence with films like Stir of Echoes, The Sixth Sense and The Blair Witch Project. In the new millennium, a new generation of filmmakers is finding its voice, raised on ubiquitous film courses in high school and beyond, computers that provide in-home editing and sound mixing, mobile, high definition cameras that lead everyone to believe they can be the next John Carpenter. But it is ingenuity that best raises the profile among hordes of wannabes, as well as a point of view. The world, under the shroud of George W Bush, Tony Blair and their brethren, is dangerous, complicated and nervous. And the boom of horrific storytelling, even when controlled by the mass-media collective out to squeeze every last buck out of it, will reflect a world on edge in its unforgiving mirror†¦ at least until the next cycle. (Garris in Carolyn, 2008) In the first section, Configuring the Monster, I will explore the key themes of the genre; the main issues and the debates raised, and engage with approaches and theories that have been applied to horror texts. This theoretical background will be presented via the modernist context within which early horror texts evolved. This brief description of the generic development of the horror film will thus provide a review of its fundamental preoccupations, especially through a discussion of a variety of psychoanalytic and gendered readings. This first part also includes a case study that reviews indicative patterns of readings of horror texts across different age groups that are interesting in terms of the progression of spectator involvement with horror film. In the second section, Consensus and Constraint 1919-1960, and the final section, Chaos and Collapse 1960-2000, I will further address the chronological evolution of the horror film, looking upon particular historical periods. This analysis will consider the role of both traditional myth and gothic literature in early cinematic representations of horror. Post-war developments are then viewed in terms of the revisiting of these generic formulae. The more contemporary transgression of boundaries of permissible gore and pathological states are then considered through a discussion of the work of postmodern auteurs reworking the genres field of operation and its consistent cycling. Inevitably in a work of this length, many complex arguments will be rendered briefly and simplistically, and many important observations reduced to description and generalistion. This is not a disclaimer; rather it is an encouragement for other researchers to pursue further lines of enquiry and to address the genre anew from a personal, informed perspective. (Wells, 2000)

Plagiarism Essay -- essays research papers

Plagiarism Part I: Relevant Important Term: Plagiarizing The english dictionary states several definitions of the word Plagiarize: 1) To steal or purloin from the writings of another; to appropriate without due acknowledgement (the ideas or expressions of another). 2) Take without referencing from someone else's writing or speech; of intellectual property 3) To put forth as original to oneself the ideas or words of another. The definition in the dictionary correspondes accurately with what I had defined for plagiarism. According to the definition, you do not commit plagiarism by simply using another person's idea or writing but it occurs only when you do not give acknowledgement or reference of where you acquired the information. There is a fine line between using another person's idea legally and illegally. The only difference between the two is whether or not you give credit to where you got your information. Plagiarizing is a crime and students may be failed in school or even expelled for committing plagiarism; On the other hand, with proper citation, incorporating other's ideas for the purpose of broadening our own knowledge as well as fulfilling requirements in projects such as research papers can be a great asset. Also, according to the third definition, you cannot turn in something that is mostly or entirely composed of someone else's work and call it your own simply because you cited it. You can not do this because As long as we are careful in giving credit to wh...

Leadership model

Malcolm Muggeridge, towards the end of his life, reflected: â€Å"Looking over my 90 years, I realize I have never made any progress in good times. I only progressed in the hard times.† While this may not be easily acceptable in today’s ears, in leadership, whatever progress in personal goals is made and sustained most of the time, not in good times, but during difficult times. Leadership Behaviors to Sustain Momentum Firstly, leadership has something to do with change, stimulation of ideas, enthusiasm and encouragement for the tasks, and influence. I wish to enumerate three vital traits, each one linked with a specific function for leaders (Beckhard, R. 1969). 1. The imagination to innovate To promote innovation, successful leaders assist in cultivating novel view, the ideas, paradigm, and applications of expertise that makes an organization distinct. During the course of the implementation this particular trait is important especially that there will be delays, resistance to the change process that normally occurs. A good leader is ingenuous to create something which will contribute to enhance and sustain the momentum. 2. The professionalism to perform. Leaders offer personal and organizational capability, assisted by personnel preparation and education, to implement impeccably and dispense worth to ever more difficult and exacting customers. There will be criticisms to come, many personal-all of which can possibly help if the leader knows how and what to do with them. He is a professional, and an important virtue that he should characterize is to be able to deliver and keep his cool whenever difficulties arise. 3. The openness to work in partnership. Leaders create associations and linkages with partners who can enlarge the organization's contact, improve its contributions, or strengthen its systems. Since an organization is composed of people, this leader knows a lot about human nature and behavior in group settings so he can appropriately anticipate and plan as well as adjust to various personalities. Authors Sullivan and Decker, wrote a very effective communication piece in the 2005 book Effective Leadership and Nursing Management in Nursing.   The authors tried to convey the idea that the practical application of the skills comes in two important aspects and that they are indispensable as well as distinct and inseparable. The authors identified that organizations are designed in their specific arrangements as they function and these are pertinent in how the people working in their specific areas are handled and led. According to Dr. Jacques (1997), there are prime values placed on every part of the organization which he postulated in his stratified systems theory. When he called for the individual responsibility, he meant that whether the person in the spotlight may be the rank and file individual or happens to be the plant manager, the type of leadership that is seen is expressive of this core value. Management then implies the adoption of accountability and this summarily implies leadership knowing as mentioned in the preceding page on influence and exercise of power, when a person exercises accountability, he actually exerts leadership; leading by example and it is fundamentally ethical and transferable. Management and leadership are seen then, as interchangeable essentials, and according to Dr. Jacques, the existence and continuity as well as the perpetuation of a successful team depend much on the kind of leadership exemplified in the theory he posited. This need has never been brought about only by factors which inevitably affect not only the established structures and ways of doing things within the personnel area but also by the more meaningful and substantial task of managing the organization’s most important asset – the human capital. Among these factors are: stiffer competition in business; rapid changes in technological, competitive and economic environments; the explosion of technical and managerial knowledge; spiraling wage and benefits cost and so many others. These factors have no doubt been responsible for the emergence of the personnel function as a vital area in the implementation of corporate strategy. Conclusion The leadership approaches are important to imitate and assimilate as I go about my own quest for the implementation of leadership behaviors in my own workplace. Certain people who have been visible today who are worthy to emulate include men like Collin Powell and women like Oprah Winfrey. Although not all of their decisions are acceptable or popular, certainly their manner of leading have taken the world’s notice and made them trailblazers for others to follow. Reference: Permissions Department, 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ07030 USA. Jacques, Elliot. 1997. Requisite Organization: Total System for Effective Managerial Organization and Managerial Leadership for the 21st Century. London: Gower. GBR Mulhauser, Greg. Management Skills and Leadership Skills. Accessed March 17, 2008. ;http://coaching.mulhauser.net/executive/manage-vs-lead.html#evidence; Sullivan, Eleanor and Phillip J. Decker. 2005. Effective Leadership and Nursing Management in Nursing, with Student Video (4th Edition). Leadership model I have never really had any father to emulate nor a family that could guide me.   Many would say that I was all alone and would never be a leader type because I never had any role models growing up.   Yet I beg to differ from the public stereotype of leadership role models because even given my difficult situation growing up I did find a leadership role model, my coach.   While this may not seem to be a conventional choice for most people, I firmly believe that it was because of my basketball coach that I have developed the leadership skills I have today and have become a leader myself.Before I relate why I think my basketball coach is the best leadership role model that I have had in my life, albeit arguably inexperienced, I feel that it is important for me to discuss just what I think a leader is and should be.Great leaders have been said to be catalysts of change because of their ability to motivate, to inspire and to make any group of individuals act as a cohesive working u nit (House, 2004).   While there are those who argue that a leader must always make waves in order to make a definite impact in any working environment, it has also been shown that an effective leader must be able to contextualize his actions and understand what the best course is given the environment he is working in (Warneka, 2006).Coach Smith, as we used to call him, was that type of leader.   He never insisted on making waves but addressed the needs of the players and motivated every single one of us.   Superstar egos on the team were shelved and the goals of the team always came first before personal glory.   At the same time however, he made the person who contributed to the success of the team feel and know that it was his great performance which made a difference and in doing so inspired that person to work harder, not only for the good of the team but for himself as well.This leadership style employed by Coach Smith is also quite similar to another great leader who achieved impressive results, Herb Kelleher of Southwest Airlines. Southwest Airlines, the company he created, consistently fared better than its competitors, surviving the tough times for the aviation industry. One of the secrets to the company’s success is its unique culture that differentiates it from its competitors. At Southwest, there is a great emphasis on the people aspect of the business. In fact, Herb Kelleher in an interview with Babson Insight vividly demonstrated his commitment to the staff of the company by calling them People – in this way, written with a capital letter (Herb Kelleher, 2004).Coach Smith empowered people.   He never sought to tow people in line and force them to do their bidding.   In a way he inspired me and the other members on the team to do better, much like Kelleher who made people feel that they played a major role in the success of the company.   This quiet but inspiring leadership style proved to very effective as our team w on the local tournament.I realize know just how pivotal his leadership methods were for our team.   A leader does not necessarily have to make waves in order to make to facilitate change.   There are many types of leadership styles that do not call for the application of any drastic actions or forceful management techniques.   The problem with the idea that making waves is necessary to facilitate change is that the outcome and effect on the other members on the team may not react as intended and it may even have a negative effect (Torbert, 2004).   This may result in team members being unable to communicate properly with the leader or with decreased productivity due to the sudden changes and major changes in the working environment brought about by the waves.This was exactly the problem that Coach Smith was able to avoid when he took over the team and inspired us with his quiet leadership.   12 strong willed and capable individuals, each person playing for his own personal glory, to rack up the most number of points or even the league Most Valuable Player (MVP) trophy, would hardly make an efficient and effective team.   Yet Coach was able to harness the individual talents of each player but still make the unit function as an effective team.In popular leadership models such as Situational Leadership which was developed by Blanchard and Hersey in the late 1960s, the need for a flexible leader who was able to adapt leadership practices to suit the needs of the working environment was emphasized (Argyris, 1976).   A good leader must be able to assess the situation and determine what the best approach is, whether it is by making waves or quietly empowering and inspiring the team members.   Leaders do not need to make waves to facilitate change.   Other flexible and more effective means of quietly inspiring change are available and may even prove to have more of an impact than simply making waves.I like to believe that my leadership style today is similar to that which my Coach practiced or that of Herb Kelleher.   I have consciously patterned my leadership methods with the way that these great leaders have led others and inspired them.   The reason I have done so is because I believe that a person cannot motivate a team to feel good about their work if you, as their leader, do not. Similarly, team members will not feel ownership or go the extra mile if you do not. You must set an example by demonstrating passion about your work and displaying confidence in the team to do a good job.   Leaders must practice personal integrity and fairness. Model it and expect it from others. People who feel they can tell the truth, without fear of reprisal, grow as they experiment and experience success and failure (Cran, 2003).This approach to leadership of mine has as much to do with the great influence that Coach Smith has had on me as has my background.   As I mentioned earlier, I come from a broken family and my mother has been battling with cancer since I was young.   This led me to grow up in an environment that was all but bereft of role models and leaders.   There was no support and I had to work for everything that I had and still continue to do so.   It is this that has also led me to choose this style of leadership for myself because I believe that everyone had potential in them and with the proper motivation and inspiration it can be brought out, not only for the benefit of the team, the business or the company but also for the individual himself.Today’s follower-leader relationship shows that followers want trust and are not motivated by what the leader think they want, but rather by what each specific follower wants (Bain, 1982).   Motivation is generated internally, and a leader merely taps into the internal power of the follower (Thach, Thompson, and Morris, 2006).   Followers determine their commitment to organizations by reflecting on how hard they will work, what type of rec ognition and reward they might receive (transactional), and if that reward will be worth it (Strebel, 1996).Today I am a leader, I may not be a great leader but I am confident that I can develop my leadership skills to be one.   My leadership style is in motivating people and in quietly inspiring change and developing the talents and abilities of the people around me and in my organization.   This is the style that I have chosen because I feel that it is the most effective method.   I do not choose to be excellent or wealthy or powerful, I choose to lead and that makes all the difference.References:Argyris, C. (1976) Increasing Leadership Effectiveness, Wiley, New YorkBain, D. (1982). The productivity prescription.   New York: McGraw-Hill.Cran, C (2003). Eight Ways to Motivate Your Team. Retrieved 11/14/2006, from   http://www.refresher.com/!ccmotivate.htmlHouse, R. J. (2004) Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies, SAGE Publications, Thousa nd OaksNorthwestern University. (2004). Herb Kelleher. Retrieved November 11, 2006, from http://www.transportation.northwestern.edu/programs/patterson/lecturers/97kelleher/kelleherBio.htmlThach, E. C., Thompson, K. J., and Morris, A. (2006).   A Fresh Look at FollowershipTorbert, W. (2004) Action Inquiry: the Secret of Timely and Transforming Leadership, San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Warneka, T. (2006). Leading People the Black Belt Way: Conquering the Five Core Problems Facing Leaders Today. Asogomi Publications Intl. Cleveland, Ohio

Articles of Partnership

ARTICLES OF PARTNERSHIP OF TONCLINTX PASTRY PRODUCT And T-SHIRT PRINTING SERVICES Know all men by these presents: That we, all of whom are citizens and residents of the Philippines and of legal age, do hereby voluntarily associate ourselves to form a general partnership in accordance with the laws of the Philippines, and we hereby certify: ARTICLE I That the name of our general partnership shall be TONCLINTX PASTRY PRODUCT and T-SHIRT PRINTING SERVICES. ARTICLE II That the principal place of our partnership shall be in Sta. Cruz Laguna, Philippines. ARTICLE III That our partnership shall exist for a period of three (3) months from the time of registration in the Dean’s Office of the College of Computer Studies. ARTICLE IV That the purpose of the partnership shall be the following: 1. To deal in the business of giving the service of T-shirt design and printing together with sales of pastry products. 2. To import such kind of service after complying with existing laws and regulations. 3. To enter into such other contracts or do such other acts as may be demanded by the needs of the business. ARTICLE V That the general partners of our partnership shall be the following: 1. Jhean Laurence SimanFilipino149 Sitio Huwaran Brgy. Pagsawitan Sta. Cruz Laguna 2. Kristine SumaguiFilipino098 Sitio Talon, Brgy. Sta. Clara Sur Pila Laguna 3. Nico Paolo CatalanFilipino6781 Sitio 4 Brgy. Oogong, Sta, Cruz, Laguna 4. Joy Clinton BabaanFilipinoBeverly Hills, St. Maceda Subd. Brgy. Pinagsanjan, Pagsanjan Laguna Hereby approved by: CANDELARIA SILVANIA FLORENCIA SUMAGUE YOLANDA CATALANN ______________ ______________________ __________________________________ Parent of Parent of Parent of Parent of Ear Anthony B. Silvania Kristine Sumagui Nico Paolo CatalanJoy Clinton Babaan

Endurance and Flexibility Essays

Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essays Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essay Muscular Strength/Endurance and Flexibility Essay Muscular strength and endurance are measures of muscular fitness. Muscular strength is the maximal force generated by a specific muscle or muscle group at a specified velocity. Muscular endurance is the ability to maintain a submaximal force (i.e pushup tests). Muscular strength tests can be divided into 2 basic types. Dynamic strength the force generated by concentric, eccentric, or isokinetic contraction (i.e. 1 repetition maximum). The speed of movement is often not controlled in these measurements. Static strength measures the force generated by muscles during an isometric contraction. During an isometric contraction there is no shortening of the muscle and no joint movement.Muscular fitness testing is plagued by problems of standardization techniques to quantify muscular fitness due to types of muscle contraction (concentric vs eccentric), changes in force with respect to joint angle, and speed of contraction. The National Strength and Conditioning Associ ation (NSCA) and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) have tried to address these problems by standardizing muscular strength tests. However, the present normative and standard data relating to muscular fitness are invalid, unreliable and/or outdated.A new approach to assess muscular fitness and endurance is isokinetic testing. Isokinetic testing can be used to assess muscular strength through a range of motion at a constant velocity. The equipment measures rotational force, torque, generated. Torque refers to a rotational force that is applied about an axis. It is equal to the force applied to lever and measured in foot-pounds or Newton-meters.Torque = Force x lever arm distance (units are Ft-Lbs or Nm)The ability to generate muscular force is dependent on the velocity of the contraction (Figure 1). The greatest force a muscle can produce is at low velocities. Therefore, as velocity increases the amount of force generated is decreased. This relationship is also related to the power (F x D/T) whereas: low power is generated by low force and high velocity: moderate velocity and moderate force generate greatest power: and low velocity and high force generate the low power (Figure 2). At low velocities (30-60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ per sec), isokinetic testing can measure strength (force). At moderate velocities, it can assess muscular endurance (ability to sustain contractions) and at high velocities it can quantify muscular power (force generated over time).Figure 1: Force versus velocityFigure 2: Power versus velocityAthletes with higher percentage of type II fibers are able to generate more force at higher velocities (power) versus those with slower type I fibers. Also the fatigue rate during repetitive contractions at certain velocities can be used to indirectly determine fiber type distribution. Humans with a greater percentage of type II fibers (fatigue prone) will have a greater fatigue rate than type I fibers (fatigue resistant). It also appears that muscle c an be trained (specificity of training) to generate more power at higher velocities. In most team sports, power is the most crucial variable in terms of explosive athletic performance but is often ignored by coaches and athletes.Another important component of physical fitness testing is flexibility. Flexibility is the maximum ability to move a joint through a range of motion. Flexibility is dependent on a number of factors including muscle temperature, muscle blood flow and prior exercise. It is also dependent on physical activity and age. Physical activity appears to be the most important determinant of flexibility. Physical inactivity results in the shortening of connective tissue and results in the loss of ROM about a joint. Age also plays a factor due to loss of elastic properties of the connective tissue and decrease in physical activity. However, flexibility can be improved due to physical inactivity and/ or age with a flexibility exercise program.Flexibility is specific to th e movement of the joint. Therefore, flexibility in one area does not represent whole body flexibility. Flexibility can be measured by a number of means including goniometers, flexometers, and inclinometers which measure the ROM. The most popular flexibility measure in the health and fitness setting is the sit and reach test. The sit and reach test measures the flexibility of the trunk indirectly by measuring how far one can reach while sitting down. It is often used to assess the potential for lower back pain but research indicates it correlates poorly with low back flexibility. The rationale for this is unproven and has not been demonstrated (ACSM, 1995)The purpose of this laboratory is to become familiar with testing of muscular fitness (muscular endurance, static and isokinetic) testing and become proficient in measuring lower trunk flexibility.Procedures:Muscular FitnessIsokinetic (Lido)1) Isokinetic testing will be performed on all subjects at speeds corresponding to 60, 180 an d 240 degrees per sec2) Each individual will perform 3-5 maximum knee extension contractions at the various speeds3) Record your peak torque for each three speeds: slow (60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½), moderate (180à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½) and fast (240à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)4) Record values on board for each individualStatic Strength (hand dynamometer)1) Isometric hand grip strength will be administered2) Adjust hand grip width of the hand dynamometer so it fits comfortably.3) Have the subject stand erect with arms relaxed and by the sides4) Place hand dynamometer in hand with dial facing outward5) Have subject squeeze hand dynamometer as hard as possible while keeping the arm immobile6) Repeat 3 times record best effortDynamic muscular endurance (push up test)1) For males, assume standard push up position with back straight, head up, hands placed shoulder width apart2) Place your fist on the floor below and count the number of repetitions performed by the number of times the chest touches your fist3) For females, mo dify the standard push up position by having them kneel with their knees bent at 90à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ with ankles crossed.4) There is no criteria for completing a push up do not place hands below chest5) Count the number of consecutive repetitions performed without restFlexibility Modified sit and reach1) Perform a moderate warm-up2) The test should be performed with a smooth movement and during exhalation3) Have subject remove shoes and sit with back flat against a wall4) Place the end of the sit and reach against their feet5) The heel should be placed about 10-12 inches apart and feet should flat against the side of the sit and reach box6) Have subject reach as far forward with back flat against wall record the position with a meter ruler as zero7) The participant should slowly reach forward with the hands parallel and reach as far forward as possible with minimal discomfort. Be sure to keep hands on yardstick and knees stay extended.8) The maximum reach as measured by the ruler is the score. Repeat test 3 times. The best trial is used to assess the individual flexibility9) Make sure to instruct the patient to not hold breath or not to stretch to where it is causing undue pain.10) Refer to table for normative data.Data Analysis1) Make a table of all your results and compare them to norms.2) When appropriate interpret absolute and relative norms3) Graph the peak torque versus speed for the isokinetic testDiscussion (Please read Ch 7 8 , pages 150, 399-402)1) Which test measures muscular fitness the best? Are the values for each muscular testconsistent? Why? Can muscular fitness be assessed by one test?2) Based on your graph, at what velocity do you develop the most force? At this velocity doyou also reach peak power? Why?3) How would you use this knowledge to train an athlete competing in a team sport? You canchoose any team sport to answer this question.4) How much potential does a sprinter have who can run the 100 yd dash in 17.0 secs? Why?What sport might this individual excel at? Why?5) Is the sit and reach test a valid measure of your flexibility? Why is stretching an important component of an exercise program? Are there other ways to improve your flexibility without stretching?

Biography of Civil Rights Leader Martin Luther King Jr.

Biography of Civil Rights Leader Martin Luther King Jr. The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. (Jan. 15, 1929–April 4, 1968) was the charismatic leader of the U.S. civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He directed the year-long Montgomery bus boycott, which attracted scrutiny by a wary, divided nation, but his leadership and the resultant Supreme Court ruling against bus segregation brought him fame. He formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to coordinate nonviolent protests and delivered over than 2,500 speeches addressing racial injustice, but his life was cut short by an assassin in 1968. Fast Facts: The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. Known For: Leader of the U.S. civil rights movementAlso Known As: Michael Lewis King Jr.Born: Jan. 15, 1929 in Atlanta, GeorgiaParents: Michael King Sr., Alberta WilliamsDied: April 4, 1968 in Memphis, TennesseeEducation: Crozer Theological Seminary, Boston UniversityPublished Works: Stride Toward Freedom, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?Awards and Honors: Nobel Peace PrizeSpouse: Coretta ScottChildren: Yolanda, Martin, Dexter, BerniceNotable Quote: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. Early Life Martin Luther King Jr. was born Jan. 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, to Michael King Sr., pastor of the Ebenezer Baptist Church, and Alberta Williams, a Spelman College graduate and former schoolteacher. King lived with his parents, a sister, and a brother in the Victorian home of his maternal grandparents. Martin- named Michael Lewis until he was 5- thrived in a middle-class family, playing football and baseball, delivering newspapers, and doing odd jobs. Their father was involved in the local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and had led a successful campaign for equal wages for white and black Atlanta teachers. When Martins grandfather died in 1931, Martins father became pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, serving for 44 years. After attending the World Baptist Alliance in Berlin in 1934, King Sr. changed his and his sons name from Michael King to Martin Luther King, after the Protestant reformist. King Sr. was inspired by Martin Luthers courage of confronting institutionalized evil. College King entered Morehouse College at 15. He was uncertain about following in the footsteps of the familys clergymen, questioning religions relevance in addressing segregation and poverty among his people. King rebelled against a life of service to God, playing pool, drinking beer, and underachieving his first two years at Morehouse. King studied sociology and considered law school while reading voraciously. He was fascinated by Henry David Thoreaus essay On Civil Disobedience and its idea of noncooperation with an unjust system. King decided that social activism was his calling and religion the best means to that end. He was ordained as a minister in February 1948, the year he graduated with a sociology degree at age 19. Seminary In September 1948, King entered the predominately white Crozer Theological Seminary in Upland, Pennsylvania. He read works by great theologians but despaired that no philosophy was complete within itself. Then, hearing a lecture about Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi, he became captivated by his concept of passive resistance. King concluded that the Christian doctrine of love, operating through nonviolence, could be a powerful weapon for his people. In 1951, King graduated at the top of his class with a Bachelor of Divinity degree. In September of that year, he enrolled in doctoral studies at Boston Universitys School of Theology. Marriage While in Boston, King met Coretta Scott, a singer studying voice at the New England Conservatory of Music. Coretta hesitated about dating a minister but was persuaded when King said she had all the qualities he desired in a wife. The couple married on June 18, 1953. Kings father performed the ceremony at Corettas family home in Marion, Alabama. They returned to Boston to complete their degrees. King was invited to preach in Montgomery, Alabama, at the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, which had a history of civil rights activism. The pastor was retiring. King captivated the congregation and became the pastor in April 1954. Coretta was committed to her husbands work but was conflicted about her role. King wanted her to stay home with their four children: Yolanda, Martin, Dexter, and Bernice. Montgomery Bus Boycott When King arrived in Montgomery to join the Dexter Avenue church, Rosa Parks, secretary of the local NAACP chapter, had been arrested for refusing to relinquish her bus seat to a white man. Parks Dec. 1, 1955, arrest presented the perfect opportunity to make a case for desegregating the transit system. E.D. Nixon, former head of the local NAACP chapter, and the Rev. Ralph Abernathy, a close friend of King, contacted King and other clergymen to plan a citywide bus boycott. The group drafted demands and stipulated that no African-American would ride the buses on Dec 5. That day, nearly 20,000 black citizens refused bus rides. Because blacks comprised 90 percent of the passengers, most buses were empty. When the boycott ended 381 days later, Montgomerys transit system was nearly bankrupt. Then on Dec. 20, 1956, the Supreme Court ruled that enforcing segregation on public transit was unconstitutional. Buoyed by success, the movements leaders met in January 1957 in Atlanta and formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to coordinate nonviolent protests through black churches. King was elected president and held the post until his death. In early 1958, Kings first book, Stride Toward Freedom, was published. While signing books in Harlem, New York, King was stabbed by a mentally ill black woman. As he recovered, he visited Indias Gandhi Peace Foundation in February 1959 to refine his protest strategies. Birmingham In April 1963, King and the SCLC joined Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth of the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) in a nonviolent campaign to end segregation and force Birmingham, Alabama, businesses to hire blacks. Fire hoses and vicious dogs were unleashed on the protesters by â€Å"Bull† Connors policemen. King was thrown into jail, where he wrote Letter From a Birmingham Jail, affirming his peaceful philosophy. The brutal images galvanized the nation. Money poured in to support the protesters; white sympathizers joined demonstrations. By summer, thousands of public facilities nationwide were integrated, and companies began to hire blacks. The resulting political climate pushed passage of civil rights legislation. On June 11, 1963, President John F. Kennedy drafted the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson after Kennedys assassination. March on Washington Then came the March on Washington, D.C.,  on Aug. 28, 1963. Nearly 250,000 Americans listened to speeches by civil rights activists, but most had come for King. The Kennedy administration, fearing violence, edited a speech by John Lewis of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and invited white organizations to participate, causing some blacks to denigrate the event. Malcolm X labeled it the â€Å"farce in Washington. Crowds far exceeded expectations. Speaker after speaker addressed them. The heat grew oppressive, but then King stood up. His speech started slowly, but King stopped reading from notes, either by inspiration or gospel singer Mahalia Jackson shouting, â€Å"Tell em about the dream, Martin!† He had had a dream, he declared, â€Å"that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.† It was the most memorable speech of his life. Nobel Prize King, now known worldwide, was designated Time magazines â€Å"Man of the Year† in 1963. He won the Nobel Peace Prize the following year, donating his $54,123 prize to advancing civil rights. Not everyone was thrilled by Kings success. Since the bus boycott, King had been under scrutiny by FBI director J. Edgar Hoover. Hoping to prove King was under communist influence, Hoover filed a request with Attorney General Robert Kennedy to put him under surveillance, including break-ins at homes and offices and wiretaps. Poverty In the summer of 1964, Kings nonviolent concept was challenged by deadly riots in the North. King believed their origins were segregation and poverty and shifted his focus to poverty, but he couldnt garner support. He organized a campaign against poverty in 1966 and moved his family into Chicagos black ghetto, but he found that strategies successful in the south didnt work in Chicago. Blacks turned from Kings peaceful course to the radical concepts of Malcolm X. King refused to yield, addressing what he considered the harmful philosophy of Black Power in his last book, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? King sought to clarify the link between poverty and discrimination and to address Americas increased involvement in Vietnam, which he considered unjustifiable and discriminatory toward the poor. Kings last major effort, the Poor Peoples Campaign, was organized with other civil rights groups to bring impoverished people to live in tent camps on the National Mall starting April 29, 1968. Last Days Earlier that spring, King had gone to Memphis, Tennessee, to join a march supporting a strike by black sanitation workers. After the march began, riots broke out; 60 people were injured and one person was killed, ending the march. On April 3, King gave what became his last speech. He wanted a long life, he said, and had been warned of danger in Memphis but said death didnt matter because hed been to the mountaintop and seen the promised land. On April 4, 1968, King stepped onto the balcony of Memphis Lorraine Motel. A rifle bullet tore into his face. He died at St. Josephs Hospital less than an hour later. Kings death brought widespread grief to a violence-weary nation. Riots exploded across the country. Legacy Kings body was brought home to Atlanta to lie at Ebenezer Baptist Church, where he had co-pastored with his father for many years. At Kings April 9, 1968, funeral, great words honored the slain leader, but the most apropos eulogy was delivered by King himself, via a recording of his last sermon at Ebenezer: If any of you are around when I meet my day, I dont want a long funeral...Id like someone to mention that day that Martin Luther King Jr. tried to give his life serving others...And I want you to say that I tried to love and serve humanity. King had achieved much in the short span of 11 years. With accumulated travel topping 6 million miles, King could have gone to the moon and back 13 times. Instead, he traveled the world, making over 2,500 speeches, writing five books, leading eight major nonviolent efforts for social change, and being arrested over 20 times. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan created a national holiday to celebrate the man who did so much for the United States. Sources Abernathy, Ralph David. And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: An Autobiography. Paperback, Unabridged edition, Chicago Review Press, April 1, 2010. Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63. America in the King Years, Reprint edition, Simon Schuster, November 15, 1989. Garrow, David. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Paperback, Reprint edition, William Morrow Paperbacks, January 6, 2004. ï » ¿Hansen, Drew. Mahalia Jackson and Kings Improvisation.† The New York Times, Aug. 27, 2013. McGrew, Jannell. â€Å"The Montgomery Bus Boycott: They Changed the World. X, Malcolm. The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley. Alex Haley, Attallah Shabazz, Paperback, Reissue edition, Ballantine Books, November 1992.

Characteristics of Orientalism Essay Example for Free

Characteristics of Orientalism Essay There are several differences between the Arab and Muslim groups. The actuality is that Arabs are an ethnic group and Muslims are a religious group. A Muslim is a person who practices the Islam religion. In the world, most Muslims are not necessarily Arabs and most Arabs are not necessarily Muslims. â€Å"Orientalism is the simplistic view of the people and history of the Orient, with no recognition of change over time or the diversity within its many cultures† (Schaefer, 2006). This term is a misrepresentation of people from the East by those in the West. One characteristic is stereotyping the difference in religious expression. Discrimination and prejudice are other characteristics of orientalism. For example, the overemphasis of Arab and Muslim women wearing face veils in the media. This is seen as oppressing women but yet the history behind it is not being told. After the 9/11 attacks, the USA Patriot Act, which was passed in October 2001, had specific provisions that condemned discrimination against Arab and Muslim Americans. This act was revised because it had been accused of contributing to the fear within the Arab and Muslim communities. Unfortunately, all policies were not changed in a positive way. The U. S. Department of Justice required all foreign-born Muslim men to report to the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services. They have to be fingerprinted, photographed, and interviewed. There are several things that individuals can do to promote tolerance and reduce prejudice in their towns and cities. One way to achieve this is by treating everyone equally. Another way to reduce prejudice is by educating ourselves about a person’s culture. If we can gain an understanding of an individual’s cultural background, we are opening up our minds to realize that those that we consider â€Å"different† may have similar views. Characteristics of Orientalism. (2018, Oct 13).

The Impact of International Business Theory on Understanding Essay

The Impact of International Business Theory on Understanding International Business - Essay Example Basically, in political economy, but also in a business setting, the theory of inter-organizational bargaining can be utilized to characterize and make an analysis of business and government negotiation, policy formulation and trends (Aharoni, 1966). This theory places an emphasis on the relative bargaining resources and the stakes of every person involved in a bargaining scenario, hence deducing economical and commercial ideas from the analysis. Since any business can be involved in power relationships with competing companies, bargaining theory may include in both the MNC and the host government negotiations the capable reaction from other related MNCs (Audretsch, 1989). Vital phenomena such as the bargain trade limitations and performance obligations can be reflected by critical analysis using this theory. Policies of MNCs and host governments can be incorporated with power relationships resulting in compromising and working together as well as the rivalry with other MNCs. The bargaining theory model, hence is apparent and able to entail numerous considerations such as the ones already named. Firm strategies and the host government rules, laws, policies and regulations may emanate from the decision makers aspect of their own bargaining powers and those of other crucial actors, in addition to their analysis of opportunity costs and their ability to forego any dealings with potential rival MNCs wishing to operate in the host country (Blomkvist, 2012). Among the numerous actors who are important to policy making, MNC does comprise a specific vital group, changes the balance of payments, aid in the country’s overall development, develop and improve on the existing technology and have an impact on other policy fields.     

Customer Strategy Plan of FedEx Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Customer Strategy Plan of FedEx - Assignment Example FedEx main metrics to retain the company’s most valued customers starts with examining potential avenues that could lead to loss of customers. The company will work to develop different ways to build value and strengthen its commercial relationship. There are four pivotal strategies FedEx can apply to win the client’s loyalty. The first is customer segmentation which involves the process of grouping the clients into segments based on their needs and preferences (Beck, 2010). Segmentation will allow FedEx to outline the major clienteles persona based on past relationship with the company. The main aim of this process is to identify what clients are committed to FedEx, up to what level they are loyal and what category do they fall under. Loyalty according to Beck (2010) is a result of customer orientation, brands in the market, the business transaction model and the client’s decision making. This will assist FedEx to determine what segments provide better opportunities so that the company can focus its resources, beneficial clients. The second strategy is to prioritize the customer needs using innovative means to offer tailor-made services. After realizing the customer’s realities FedEx intends to rise to the challenge by delivering the best value revising its service, price, and marketing strategy to boost the customer’s loyalty. FedEx seeks to elevate its staff skills to enable them to identify the customer’s specific need so as to provide them with the best solution to their need. Improving the employee’ skills according to Kumar and Reinartz (2012) allow the prospective customers receive personalized service. FedEx will revisit its pricing strategies to ensure that certain clien ts enjoy special annual discounts without sacrificing profit margins.  

Self-Projection Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Self-Projection Project - Essay Example This has helped me explore a deeper side of myself that I never knew was possible. It has helped me see how others view myself, and that is one of the most valuable lessons that I take away from this. I tend to think that I know myself well. I have a very good sense of self. I know what I am good at and what needs improvement. I am constantly making self-improvements. To a certain extent, I really motivate others, and it has been shown through the interviews that I have garnered from friends, family, and colleagues, that I excel in almost anything I do. I guess one might say that I am a very high-strung (at times) individual, but that I make sure to keep all of my commitments. I have several hard and soft skills which I feel will serve me well in the future. One of my best assets is my leadership. I have good leadership skills which set me apart from the crowd. I also have amazing public speaking skills and can dazzle a crowd with my linguistic stylings. Really, it depends upon the p articular audience, but I know how to adapt myself to almost any setting and it shows. I am somewhat of an extroverted person; I enjoy making new friends and acquaintances, and am somewhat of a socially motivated person in that sense. I don’t pull any punches and am very honest with people about what I expect of them and how I expect to be treated in return. Another great feature I like about myself is that I have been able to use my outgoing nature to win friends, make money, and influence people. Meeting new people and seeing the world is part of what makes me who I am today. I have a real zest for life and believe you shouldn’t take life for granted. So, I eat life for breakfast, and I don’t mean the cereal! (Lol.) It is totally possible to learn something new from anyone that I meet and therefore, in business as well as in my leisure time, I always make sure to develop a solid list of contacts and social networks, since social networking is the wave of the f uture. I know that I can count on my friends and family to be there for me when things get difficult. Something else about me is that I am a very positive person. This has served me well in the past, as I definitely believe in karma and the phrase, â€Å"What goes around comes back around† (Janin, 2004, pp. 152). Like Anne Frank, I believe in the general goodness inherent in people. Everyone should be able to help everyone else out. Currently, one of the books I am reading is very inspiring. It’s called Viktor Frankl’s book Man’s Search for Meaning. It talked about how Frankl survived Auschwitz, one of the worst concentration camps, by using logotherapy—also known as talk therapy. Frankl talks about the importance of prisoners to maintain their human dignity in the face of conditions that were worse than inhumane. I am the sort of person who likes solving problems, yet at the same time, I don’t have patience for things like crossword puzzles and so forth. I enjoy challenges, but sometimes I admit I can be a bit intellectually lazy, not fully taxing my mental capacities to their hilt because I am reserving brainpower for truly important and difficult tasks. I don’t like to use my energy unnecessarily; therefore, I keep a very tight rein on my time and how I control it. I always make sure that I know who I am going to be spending time with and what I should do to manage this time. My ability to tackle challenges, combined with the fact that I am a positive person, helps me to avoid bad situations and difficult people. This is part of what breeds success in my life and in my living environment. About me, I am definitely a team player, which has always been a strength of

Charles darwin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Charles darwin - Essay Example It was then his interest in plants, animals, insects and geological samples developed when he was under the direction of his cousin William Darwin who was an entomologist; and by the mid of 1830’s Charles had so much excelled in the field that he made certain scientific inventions. He further got motivated by his professor of Botany, Stevens Henslow (Darwin, 42). After the mission of HMS Beagle to Patagonia which was carried under the guidance of his professor; he set his base to continue for his further operations in zoological and geological unearthing (Ruse, 4). By this time Darwin had developed relations with Sir Lyell Charles, which earned him the position of secretary of the Geological Society (Burkhardt,  Pearn& Evans, xiv). Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839. Ruse indicates that at this time Darwin was gaining experience from the Downe where he was spending his life at that time (5). He completely devoted his life to science although he suffered from Chagas’ s disease for a long period of time. It was then that he uncovered the issue of the origin of species and what came to be known as natural selection in the Darwinian Theory. By the end of 1850’s Darwin had made a lot of discoveries and finally he was able to compile all his collections in to a book named as The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. Charles’s illness continued and the pro-longed illness cost his life and je died leaving 8 kids behind and numerous discoveries and books. He is greatly remembered for his contribution in evolution theories. He indeed contributed greatly in the field of Science. Darwin’s ideas Darwin is considered as the pioneer of a number of ideologies and theories (Aydon, 22). He covered the issues regarding human kind to racism. Darwin argues that the human beings throughout the years have struggled for their survival. He also proposed the relation between the human body and the mind. He declares that the mind is an ext remely complex body organ and has a direct impact and effect on the various human activities. In fact the mind has a direct relation on the evolution of humankind. Evolution of humankind results in racism. Besides this cultural evolution also takes place as a result of the mind activities. Darwin is also remembered for his thoughts on Protestantism and the church. Human Evolution and Philosophy Since the publishing of the work of The Origin of Species  in 1859 by Darwin, a lot of questions have been asked regarding this theory. The questions have been asked in order to further understand human behavior and the different factors that directly affect the human behavior. Philosophy helps in an understanding of the existence of human beings and the reality behind discovery of varying aspects. It is through philosophy that the humans have been able to comprehend the nature of truth and knowledge on the evolution of human beings. In relation to human evolution, philosophy aids in bringi ng the need to inquire and analyse the speculations, interpretations, analysis and criticism of human evolution. It also helps to establish the nature of relationship between people and their society. Philosophy helps to clarify the concept of evolution. Ruse has presented that in his work Darwin wrote that people are always under a constant struggle for survival, they

LOGISTICS & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LOGISTICS & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 3 - Essay Example Thus managers can consider the inventory management problem to be a part of operations scheduling problem. Conventionally managers take a narrower view of the delivery. The timing of activities may have a direct impact on resources and the level of service (Naylor, 2002). The purpose of capacity management is the planning task, and the modification of capacity is the key problem area in system control. Capacity decisions will have a direct impact on system performance and on both resource utilization and customer service. It is important to note that organizations cannot operate without good capacity management. For instance, excess capacity gives rise to low resource productivity, while inadequate capacity means poor customer service. Decisions made in other areas have a direct impact the other area. Inventory management is aimed to plan and facilitate the provision of effective customer service. For instance, organizations cannot exist without stocks of raw materials, work in progress or, where appropriate, output goods. The planning of inventory levels, the control of inventories and the maintenance of such stocks are crucial for production and successful performance.

Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Book Review - Essay Example Huff then explicates how the reader can see through the smoke and to get to what really lies behind the mirror. "There is terror in numbers," writes Darrell Huff. His book aims to decipher the terror that lies beneath the world of averages, trends, graphs, and correlations. Huff sought to break through "the daze that follows the collision of statistics with the human mind.† The book remains relevant as an awakening for people unacquainted to delve deeper into the nonstop flow of numbers pouring from Madison Avenue, Wall Street, and everywhere else; where someone has a point to prove, a product to sell or an axe to grind. Darrell Huff investigates the breadth of every popularly used type of statistic, explores such things as the tabulation method, the interview technique, the sample study, or the way the outcomes are derived from the figures, and points up the infinite number of dodges which are used to deceive rather than inform. "The secret language of statistics, so appealing in a fact-minded culture, is employed to sensationalize, inflate, confuse, and oversimplify," warns Huff. On t he other hand, he said that we should not be terrorized by numbers. "The fact is that, despite its mathematical base, statistics is as much an art as it is a science." Synonymous to a lecturing father, he expects you to learn and ponder on something valuable from the book, and start applying it every day. Never be a sucker again, he cries! Seeing graphs illustrating numbers if properly done are very helpful in interpreting and analyzing data. And yet, truly deceiving if completed in a fishy fashion If you want to show statistical data, clearly and quickly. Draw a picture of it. When a graph is constructed with a y-axis that is numbered from 1 to 100 without skipping a unit, Huff explained, "Your ten percent looks like ten percent—an upward trend that is substantial but perhaps not overwhelming. That is very

LOGISTICS & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LOGISTICS & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 3 - Essay Example Thus managers can consider the inventory management problem to be a part of operations scheduling problem. Conventionally managers take a narrower view of the delivery. The timing of activities may have a direct impact on resources and the level of service (Naylor, 2002). The purpose of capacity management is the planning task, and the modification of capacity is the key problem area in system control. Capacity decisions will have a direct impact on system performance and on both resource utilization and customer service. It is important to note that organizations cannot operate without good capacity management. For instance, excess capacity gives rise to low resource productivity, while inadequate capacity means poor customer service. Decisions made in other areas have a direct impact the other area. Inventory management is aimed to plan and facilitate the provision of effective customer service. For instance, organizations cannot exist without stocks of raw materials, work in progress or, where appropriate, output goods. The planning of inventory levels, the control of inventories and the maintenance of such stocks are crucial for production and successful performance.

Comment on the various sorts of love shown in Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Comment on the various sorts of love shown in Romeo and Juliet Essay Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is a romantic tragedy based around a pair of young lovers. The play is set in 12th century Verona where a pair of families, the Capulets and the Montagues have been feuding for many years. The play revolves around Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet falling deeply in love and the events that befall these two forbidden lovers. The play covers an array of different types of love and love related issues from brotherly love to bodily lust, Shakespeare uses the characters to portray stereotyped ideas of love and how it affects people. Before even the first scene is out, the play has already touched upon the idea of brotherly love. Benvolio, the cousin of Romeo, finds Romeo in a state of near depression and says to Romeo What sadness lengthens Romeos hours? With this line Shakespeare is showing Benvolios concern as a man might unto his brother. Romeo is sad because he has fallen in love with a girl, Rosaline In sadness, cousin, I do love a woman. However Romeos chosen spouse does not return the affection, as Romeo states She will not stay the siege of loving terms. Benvolio offers to Romeo the idea of looking for a different more attainable woman. He gives this advice in order that his cousin may once again be happy thus showing his affection for Romeo. Throughout the play Shakespeare writes about light when referring to love, he talks of it in the prologue before the play is even afoot A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life; It does not stop here however, on Romeos first encounter with Juliet he says O she doth teach the torches to burn bright Meaning that she brings light to his dark troubled state of mind, where there was the haze of rejection her light shines through brightening his mood. Again in scene two upon meeting with Juliet his love Romeo compares her presence to light But soft, what light through yonder window breaks? To Romeo meeting Juliet is like the sun rising, just as the sun lights up the world she lights up his mood and, as the sun clears the morning mist, so Juliet clears the fog of his mind leaving it clear. I think Shakespeare uses these references to light to show that in dark times often love can show the way. Perhaps showing that in the face of a problematic social environment love can be a beacon to those who embrace it. When Romeo first visits friar Lawrence in Act two Scene three they speak of Romeos newfound love for Juliet and change of heart to Rosaline With Rosaline, my ghostly father? no; I have forgot that name, and that names woe By this he is telling the friar that he has not only stopped doting on Rosaline but, has in fact undergone a total change in spirits forgetting the woes he had over Rosaline. However the Friar speaks of the doubts he had for the sincerity of Romeos love for Rosaline in the first place Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell. This implies that Romeo, whilst sounding outwardly convincing lacked the meaning behind his words. Shakespeare is again using a characters opinion to influence that of the audience, in this case Romeos love for Rosaline may well have been true but due to the friars opinionated speech the audience is cast into doubt on the matter. The friar also chides Romeo about his use of elaborate metaphorical language when talking of love, telling him to be plain, good son, For in order for Friar Lawrence to absolve Romeo he must first be able to understand him. Yet it is not just the friar who is suspicious of Romeos decorative words, Juliet had already commented on the way he talks in Act two Scene two O swear not by the moon, thinconstant moon, That monthly changes in her circled orb, Lest that thy love prove likewise variable. Romeos allegorical promises do not hold well with Juliet because in his words no definition can be found merely elaborate metaphors. However Juliets complaints go unheeded for later Act two Scene six Romeo is again using exotic language in order to describe his love for her Unfold the imagined happiness that both Receive in either by this dear encounter. Juliet however responds by saying Conceit, more rich in matter than in words, Brags of his substance, not of ornament; They are but beggars that can count their worth, But my true love is grown to such excess I cannot sum up sum of half my wealth. What Juliet is saying here is that unlike Romeo she cannot sum up her love for him in words. Shakespeare uses strong negative imagery such as beggars and conceit to display Juliets exasperation with Romeos continuing usage of needless ornate speech. But despite Juliets doubts and Romeos misleading words there is an overwhelming love between the pair that cannot go unnoticed. Even upon their first meeting Romeos feelings for Juliet are obvious Did my heart love till now? He directs this phrase at Juliet before the two have even met. Yet when they do at last meet Juliet shares with Romeo not one but two kisses, the second induced by Juliet Then have my lips the sin that they have took These shows of affection in the time in which the play was written would be unheard of upon a first meeting. This shows just how the pair truly epitomise the phrase Love at first sight for they did not let the fact that they were total strangers hinder the strength of their feelings even if the feeling was simply lust. However as of yet we cannot tell whether Romeo is sincere in his love this time rather than just lustfully infatuated as he was with Rosaline, the cousin of Juliet. However he proves himself later in the act by saying Call me but love, and Ill be new baptised; Henceforth I never will be Romeo By this he is offering to change his name if it would make Juliet love him and be with him. During Shakespearian times it was no small feat to denounce ones name, there was a lot more weight placed upon names back then, especially if it was a name of high social standing as was Romeos. This proposal shows the true and serious nature of Romeos newfound love. However it is not simply Romeo who makes such a bold offer for earlier in the scene Juliet says be but sworn my love, And Ill no longer be a Capulet To the audience Shakespeare was writing for this selfless act on both their parts would have convinced the audience that their love was true. Another factor that Shakespeare played upon to influence his audience into believing that Romeo and Juliets love was true was his use of Religious language upon their first meeting. If I profane with my unworthiest hand This holy shrine, the gentle sin is this, My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready stand To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. Shakespeare deliberately uses this language to symbolise a number of things. Firstly that Juliet like a shrine is untouched or virginal this theme is recurrent through the first two acts of the play. Secondly it However not all Shakespeares examples of love are so romantic for instance Juliets mother The Lady Capulet says to Juliet considering the offer of marriage from Paris So shall you share all that he doth possess, By having him, making yourself no less. This shows a very materialistic side to Lady Capulet it also implies that the reason she is married to Lord Capulet might not necessarily be because they are in love. It portrays a much more dutiful love between Juliets parents perhaps Lady Capulet loves Lord Capulet simply because they are married rather than being married because they are in love. This type of relationship was common in Tudor times because often romanticism was overlooked in the face of bettering oneself financially. Paris show of affection for Juliet is not without a sense of duty he, as was proper in those days, approaches Lord Capulet for his daughters hand in marriage But now, my lord, what say you to my suit? At this point Capulet believes his daughter to be too young for marriage yet he encourages young Paris to woo her in order that she may fall in love with him down the line And too soon marred are those so early made. Might be referring to the marriage of himself and lady Capulet that has now become loveless and hollow. He as a loving father does not wish this upon his own only child so through Paris persistence Shakespeare shows another form of love, the love of a father for his daughter. Yet not all Shakespeares characters believed in such an honourable love. In his opening scene there are two servant men talking between themselves, there speech although on the topic of fighting generally is rife with sexual innuendo and pun. For example Ay, the heads of maids, or their maidenheads, take it in what sense thou wilt This line seemingly innocent to the reader of our time has a very rude meaning in Shakespearian language where maidenhead means virginity, in this sense the two are talking of having sex with virgins, more than a little less noble than the good Paris. They speak also of pushing women to the wall because of their weaker build; this all shows little true emotion and a very physically sexual type of love if indeed it can be referred to as that at all. Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet was a revolutionary piece when it was written because it showed just how love can move people in an age where marriage for social or financial gain was the norm. Over nearly five hundred years Shakespeares language and story line has captivated the hearts and minds of generations of lovers with its unique mixture of reality and fantasy. Romeo and Juliet is one piece of Shakespeares work that will remain a true timeless classic.

Hilton Hotel in Oman Analysis

Hilton Hotel in Oman Analysis This report talks about the accommodation on Hilton Hotel in Salalah. In methodology we used many techniques such as exploratory and quantitative. The objectives of this research are evaluating these things that are related to Hilton Hotel accommodation: 1- Evaluate making reservation. 2- Evaluate transport. 3- Evaluate exterior. 4- Evaluate the reception. 5- Evaluate rooms. 6- Evaluate the restaurants. 7- Evaluate restroom. 8- Evaluate other Hotel services. The main recommendation of the research is to improve and develop the product and service that is develop the tourism in Oman and make it contribute with GDP (General Domestic Profit) and reduce depend on Oil. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND: The purpose of this assignment is to inspect, evaluate and recommendation to improve and develop the tourism industry in Sultanate of Oman. In this research we will evaluate the accommodation service that the Hilton Hotel provides it for the tourists. we will evaluate making reservation, transport, exterior, reception, rooms, restaurants, restroom and other Hotel services. Then we will write some recommendations that help to improve and develop the accommodation services in Hilton Hotel. In this assignment we will focus on accommodations only but in this hotel they provides many others product and services for the tourists. Tourism is the main ingredient in most countries of the world and adopt some of these countries is entirely dependent on tourism increase the GDP (General Domestic Profit) of these countries. In early nineties, with the exception of the Emirate of Dubai and Bahrain were the Gulf governments not pay attention to the tourism sector to several considerations including political, social and economic. The Gulf countries were not known to the tourists in the past with the beginning of 1992 and after the Gulf War second it began to focus in this sector and try to attract the tourists of entire the world. Recently, the Gulf countries become good place for tourism because it has many things that is attract the tourist such as the natural, buildings, animals, environment, cultures and so on. Oman has the potential of natural and picturesque which is worth to visit and watch. Moreover, the natural locations that tourist attraction found in all provinces and regions of the Sultanate of Oman. It is includes valleys and springs, majestic mountains which is covered by the greenery, trees, flowers and plants as well as various types of animals, birds and fish.. Moreover, the sand, hills and mountain caves, and last but not least Kharief Salalah. Dhofar Governorate has an importance historic and a special place in the past and now. Dhofar Governoraten has ten states and it are: Salalah, Thumrait, Mirbat, Sadah, Rakhyout, Dilkot, Makecn, and Schlemm Islands Allaniat and mandate Mazyona. The city of (Salalah) is the Regional Centre for conservation and it is away from Muscat about 1023 KM. also, it is characterized by the religious tourism, historical, where there are many sites of religious nature such as the (Al-hqaf) that was mentioned in the Holy Quran and the tomb of the Prophet Hood, and the Prophet (Ayyub). Moreover, besides it there is in Dhofar ruins of the city AL-balied and Port Sumhuram historic famous export of frankincense at Khor Rori. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE: Hilton Salalah is considering five stars and it has 147rooms and suites. It designed and equipment with very comfort and luxury. Moreover, it has advantage of it s location overlooking the beach of the Arabian Sea as well as several recreational facilities such as tropical garden, swimming pools, tennis courts, and so on that makes the tourist enjoy. Also, it has the best restaurants in Salalah such as Al Maha restaurant which offers a mix of Arab while the tourists enjoy to watching the sea. It has 6 international restaurants that provide foods and drinks for all tourists from whole the world. Hilton Guest Room Wake up to this local-style 42m ²/452sq.ft room with separate seating area and high-speed internet access. Get to work at the large desk in the separate working area, take time off in the easy chair or sofa and gaze at the mountain view. more Hilton Guest Room Wake up to this local-style 42m ²/452sq.ft room with separate seating area and high-speed internet access. Get to work at the large desk in the separate working area, take time off in the easy chair or sofa and gaze at the Mountain View. Special touches include magazines, mineral water, chocolates and fruit(1) RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: This research is done as we asked in Introduction to Hospitality and tourism management course. This research will be written depending on my objectives as we was written before. The nature of my research is Evaluate research, because the main goals of this research to evaluate many things as we said in my objectives also approve my expectations of many things. In addition, the kind of the research is evaluation. From this assignment we want to evaluate the accommodation service that the Hilton Hotel provides it for tourists. we started my project by limiting the objectives which my research will be rely on. Then we looked for more information from books, internet, magazines and newspapers to write down the literature review and prove it by some references. However, we designed my survey and then we wrote the methodology and arrange it. 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Through that time, we have completed all steps of the assignments. we use convenience sampling because we did not have enough time. So too, with my research about information we used various resources to find more information and details to make my research more useful by giving some facts and experiences of many people. All quotations of the projects were from my course, internet and books. FINDING: 1. The elements upon which Accommodation Establishments should be evaluated include: Making a Reservation: In this hotel the establishments ability to make a guest feel welcome, acknowledged and appreciated is very good by provide good quality for the tourists. Moreover, the ease with which an establishment is reached or located, by telephone or on site is good because it is so far from the airport and city center so the tourist fined a problem to reach it. The reservation procedure is very easy and the tourists can reserve by many ways such as by web site, telephone and go to the hotel. The ability to determine special needs and requirements is very good by ask the tourist few questions. The tourists can find a lot of information that they need from this hotel. Transport: In this hotel they have ability to make a guest feel welcome, acknowledged and appreciated by offers many kinds of cars for rent. They divided the types of cars into 7 groups. It is economy, compact, intermediate, full-size, four wheel drive and premium. Also, they offer driver for those who cant driving or dont have driving license. The Staff behavior and communication skills in this Hotel is very good. also, it Adherence to all relevant laws and regulations that the government put it for this kind of enterprise. As Nasser observed (tourist) said, it are cleanliness, maintenance and the level of service offered to it is very high. The Staff behavior and communication skills in this Hotel is very good. also, it Adherence to all relevant laws and regulations that the government put it for this kind of enterprise.(1) Exterior: The Cleanliness and maintenance of the exterior of the establishments buildings and pavements is very good and looks nice and the tourists find a lot of signage that guide them as they want to go inside the hotel. Moreover, there is a lot of parking that for more than 100 cars inside the hotel. Reception Check In: Nasser said the first impression created by the establishment and its staff is very good. Also they have ability to make a guest feel welcome, acknowledged and appreciated. The level of service provided is very good with a good quality by offers facilities for the tourist. Also, the staff behavior and communication skills is very good and the best thing that attract them when we went there is they smile for them and that makes them happy to deal with this hotel. Rooms The cleanliness of the rooms visited is very good and it looks nice and luxury. Moreover, the facilities and amenities within the room are beautiful and attract the tourists. Also, they clean it every day to be comfort for the tourists. Restaurant Dinner and Breakfast The establishments ability to make a guest feel welcome and appreciated upon arrival and departure is very good. The Table appearance nice and the ambience are very nice and comfort. In this hotel, there are six international restaurants and it provides every kind of foods that that the tourists want with a very good and modern way to present foods. (1) Intervew with Nasser Salim (Tourits, Who Visited Hilton Hotel in Salalah) On Thersday 25/11/2010 , 9:00 PM Restroom: The cleanliness, maintenance and comfort of all restrooms visited is very good and they clean it twice per day. Other Hotel Services: In this hotel, there is Porter Service for tourist who arrival and departure. Also, there is Room Service, Minibar Service and Wake up Call Service. They provide this service with high quality that makes the tourist happy. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: Through this assignment we tried to valuate the accommodation service in Hilton Hotel in Salalah in different ways as we said before. we tried to give background of people reactions to accommodation service that this Hotel provides it for tourists. All finding appeared the accommodation service is very good in generally. Finally, we hope that this assignment could be as a tool of information who read it, or as helpful research for who will use it in his studies as a resource. RECOMMENDATIONS: 1- Try to increase the campaign of advertisement about the accommodation service. 2- Try to provide some pictures of Omani cultures, attraction places and so on inside the rooms. 3- Try to give tourists better impression to take part with accommodation services. 4- Try to minimize price that makes the tourists staying more times. 5- My main recommendation to this Hotel to take good care of their tourists and try to maintenance the rooms every month to makes the tourists feel comfort.

History of the Big Bang Theory Essay -- Historical Science

The strength of the Big Bang theory lies in the evidence for it, not the mechanism used to explain it. Actually, the theory has been revised a great deal since its first proposition and is probably not exactly as you think it is. I'll explain it in the order of historical development. My apologies if this is a bit technical - don't worry if you don't understand it all. The theory was first proposed in the 1930s, based on Edwin Hubble's discovery that distant galaxies are receding. Hubble measured the distances to a large number of galaxies (based on the observed brightness of certain stars within them), and compared these distances with their electromagnetic spectra. As it turned out, more distant galaxies had the features in their spectra (spectral lines) shifted to lower frequencies in a linear manner: that is, more distant galaxies exhibit greater redshifts. The only known mechanism for generating a spectral shift is the Doppler effect, which means that distant galaxies are receding from us. This suggests that in the past, galaxies were much closer to us than they are now: simply extrapolate the motion into the past. As it turns out, if this is performed, it indicates that all galaxies in the observable universe would have been at the same 'location' about 11 billion years ago: that is, all the matter in the universe originated from a single location. This is the (simplified) Big Bang theory. Actually, it's a little more complicated than that: according to general relativity, it's not really that distant galaxies are flying away from us, it's that space itself is expanding, increasing the distance. You can think of the universe as the surface of a balloon, with the balloon constantly expanding. Not everyone believed ... ...e realm of current science. We don't yet have a theory that can handle the conditions present at that time yet. However, from the era of inflation on, high-energy physicists and cosmologists are quite confident of the theory, as crazy as it sounds! In fact, this specific theory makes its own predictions regarding the exact distribution of fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background, which have so far been confirmed, though complete confirmation will have to wait until the MAP and FERMI satellites become operational later in this decade. The bottom line is that historical sciences (in this case, cosmology) can make testable predictions: the existence of background radiation and its properties, the distribution of light isotopes, the presence of galaxy evolution, the age constraint, and so on. The same goes with evolutionary biology, another historical science.

The Joy of Corporate Profits :: Corporate Profits Pay For Universities

Whether it's Nation of Islam Minister Louis Farrakhan leading the Million-Man March, anti-WTO protesters or AIDS activists, we're frequently treated to the chant demanding "People Before Profits." Since profit demagoguery is a deceptively appealing tool used by scoundrels everywhere, let's de-mystify the concept of profits. Let's first get its definition out of the way. Profits represent the residual claim earned by entrepreneurs. It's what's left after all other costs - wages, rent, interest - have been paid. The entrepreneur is generally seen as the person who takes risks, innovates and makes decisions. It's important to recognize that profits are a cost of business just as are payments to labor, land and capital. If wages, rent and interest are not paid, labor, land and capital will not be offered; similarly, if profit is not paid, entrepreneurs wouldn't be seen either. Roughly six cents of each dollar companies take in represent after-tax profits. By far, wages are the largest part of that dollar representing about 60 cents. As percentages of 2002 national income, after-tax profits represented about 5 percent and wages about 71 percent. Far more important than simple statistics about the magnitude of profits is the role played by profits, namely that of guiding resources to their highest valued uses, determined not by some tyrant but by ordinary people's wants and desires. Let's discuss just a few examples. When Coca Cola introduced the "new" Coke? Pepsi Cola president Roger Enrico called it "the Edsel of the 80's," representing one of the greatest marketing debacles of the 1980's. Who made Coca Cola Company bring back the old Coke? Was it congress, the courts, the president, or other government officials who claim to have our interests at heart? No way. It was the specter of negative profits (losses) that convinced Coca Cola to bring back the old Coke. Thus, one role of profits is to discover what consumers want and if producers make mistakes, correct them. After the 1992 massive destruction caused by Hurricane Andrew, South Florida stores sold sheets of plywood for twice the price it had sold for prior to the storm. Escalating plywood prices brought charges of price-gouging and prosecutory threats. But look what higher prices and the potential for windfall profits did. Plywood destined to be shipped to the Midwest, West and Northeast suddenly was rerouted to South Florida. Lumber mills increased production. Truckers and other workers worked overtime so as to increase the availability of plywood and other construction materials to Floridians.